Biodiversity & conservation

Biodiversity & conservation

Biodiversity is the “variation among living organisms from different sources including terrestrial, marine and desert ecosystems, and the ecological complexes of which they are a part.” There are  three different types of biodiversity. Species, Biodiversity which refers to the variety of different types of species found in a particular area. No two individuals of the same species are exactly similar. For example, humans show a lot of diversity among themselves. Genetic Biodiversity   refers to the variations among the genetic resources of the organisms Every individual of a particular species differs from each other in their genetic constitution, and Ecological Biodiversity that represents the collection of living and non-living organisms and their interaction with each other. Ecological biodiversity refers to the variations in the plant and animal species living together and connected by food chains and food webs. “Biodiversity conservation refers to the protection, upliftment, and management of biodiversity in order to derive sustainable benefits for present and future generations” Biodiversity conservation has three main objectives that are to preserve the diversity of species found in one particular area, Sustainable utilization of species and natural resources found in an ecosystem and to maintain life-supporting systems and essential ecological processes by the method called In-situ conservation and Ex-situ conservation. In-situ conservation of biodiversity is the conservation of species within their natural habitat. In this method, the natural ecosystem is maintained and protected. The other method is Ex-situ conservation of biodiversity involves the breeding and maintenance of endangered species in artificial ecosystems such as zoos, nurseries, botanical gardens, gene banks, etc. There is less competition for food, water and space.

Dr. Hena Naz

Assistant Professor

Department of Botany

Patna Women’s college (Autonomous)